A urachal cyst is a sac-like pocket of tissue that develops in the urachus (a structure that connects the umbilical cord to the bladder during fetal development). Although it normally disappears prior to birth, part of the urachus may remain in some individuals. Urachal cysts are often not associated with any signs or symptoms unless there are complications such as infection. In these cases, symptoms may include abdominal pain, fever, pain with urination and/or blood in the urine.
A bladder wall lipoma is a non-cancerous growth (i.e. tumor) of fat cells arising from the wall of the urinary bladder. Although lipomas are the most common non-cancerous masses found in the body, bladder tissue involvement is rare. This condition is typically found in passing (incidentally) on bladder imaging of individuals who are experiencing lower urinary tract symptoms (e.g. urgency, frequency, painful urination or incontinence) and/or the presence of blood in the urine. However, some individuals with a bladder wall lipoma may be asymptomatic (do not have symptoms). Although bladder wall lipomas do not carry any malignant (cancerous) potential, it must be differentiated from lesions that are potentially cancerous (e.g. liposarcoma).
A cyst is a sac-like pocket of tissue that contains fluid, air, or other substances. Bladder cysts are usually benign (non-cancerous) and do not require treatment, however, some cysts are associated with a higher risk of malignancy (cancer).
The intrahepatic biliary duct is a tube that is inside the liver and transports bile in the liver. Dilatation is the expansion or widening of the duct. Dilatation of the bile duct can be due to several causes including obstruction (blockage) of the bile duct, presence of a cyst or mass in the bile duct, benign (non-cancerous) strictures or infection. Symptoms, if present, could include right upper quadrant pain and/or jaundice.
Kidney (renal) papillae are areas in the kidney where urine flows through. Renal papillary necrosis is a disorder of the kidneys in which all or part of the renal papillae die. This condition can reduce kidney function and can lead to kidney failure.
Hemangiomas are benign (non-cancerous) growths that develop from blood vessels. Hemangiomas of the skin are often visible as red, raised birthmarks that generally fade on their own; hemangiomas can also form on internal organs. Most hemangiomas cause no symptoms, but for those that do, symptoms (i.e. pain, numbness) vary depending on the size and location of the tumor.
