Hematosalpinx describes a collection of blood in a fallopian tube, which can be from a previous injury or infection, most commonly from a tubal pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease or endometriosis. A hematosalpinx may be asymptomatic (does not cause symptoms) or may be the cause of abdominal/pelvic pain, vaginal/uterine bleeding and infertility.
The adnexal region encompassess the ovaries and fallopian tubes. A cyst is a sac-like pocket of membranous tissue that contains fluid, air, or other substances. Cysts can grow almost anywhere in the body or under the skin. Most cysts are benign (non-cancerous). Whether a cyst needs treatment depends on a number of factors, including the type of cyst, the location, if the cyst is causing pain or discomfort, and whether the cyst is infected.
Hydrosalpinx is a common lesion in which the fallopian tube is blocked with a watery fluid due to previous injury or infection (i.e. pelvic inflammatory disease or endometriosis). A hydrosalpinx may be asymptomatic (does not cause symptoms) but may result in chronic pelvic pain or infertility.
A cyst is a sac-like pocket of tissue that contains fluid, air, or other substances. Bladder cysts are usually benign (non-cancerous) and do not require treatment, however, some cysts are associated with a higher risk of malignancy (cancer).
Pelvic organ prolapse describes when pelvic organs (e.g. bladder, uterus, rectum) slip down from their normal anatomical position and push against or into the vagina. This is found in 3-11% of women, and is associated with having had multiple pregnancies, aging and obesity. Pelvic organ prolapse can cause symptoms including pelvic pressure or seeing tissue bulging out of the vagina.
Varices are caused by venous obstruction, increased pressure, and venous insufficiency, resulting in dilated (enlarged) and/or misshapen veins. Pregnancy, hormonal and anatomic factors play a role in their development. They can arise in isolation, in association with leg/buttock, vulvar, or labial varices, or as part of pelvic congestion syndrome (a condition that causes chronic pelvic pain).Symptoms can include pelvic pain, heaviness, and pressure that are exacerbated by prolonged standing, exercise, and coitus. Generally, treatment is only needed if symptoms are present.
