Hepatocellular adenoma is an uncommon, benign (non-cancerous) liver lesion. It has been associated with the use of estrogen-containing medications (e.g. oral contraceptives), anabolic steroids, obesity, metabolic syndrome (e.g. diabetes), and certain genetic syndromes. Hepatic adenomas may be asymptomatic (do not cause symptoms) or may cause symptoms of right upper abdominal pain, nausea, and the sensation of feeling full.
Hepatomegaly means that the liver is enlarged. In adults, the liver normally has a span around 15 cm. The causes for hepatomegaly are varied and include infection, heart failure, cirrhosis and toxin consumption (i.e. alcohol, medication such as Tylenol, and supplements).
Hydroureter refers to dilation of the ureter(s), the narrow tube urine travels down from the kidneys into the bladder. It is most often caused by obstruction of urine outflow due to blockage of the ureter(s) by calculi (stones), chronic inflammation, neoplasia (cancerous or noncancerous growth), or accidental ligation during surgery.Symptoms are variable, but may include pain, either in the side and/or back (known as flank pain), nausea, and/or vomiting. Treatment is based on the cause.
Hydrosalpinx is a common lesion in which the fallopian tube is blocked with a watery fluid due to previous injury or infection (i.e. pelvic inflammatory disease or endometriosis). A hydrosalpinx may be asymptomatic (does not cause symptoms) but may result in chronic pelvic pain or infertility.
A hydrocele is a collection of fluid within the scrotum that directly surrounds the testes and the spermatic cord. Men can develop a hydrocele due to inflammation or from injury within the scrotum, which often resolves with treatment of the underlying condition. Treatment is only indicated in individuals who are symptomatic with pain, a pressure sensation or when the scrotal skin integrity is compromised from chronic irritation.
Paralabral and perilabral cysts are non-cancerous fluid-filled lesions that occur in the space between the labrum (a rim of soft tissue that cushions the hip socket) and the capsule of the hip joint. These types of cysts are often associated with a labral tear. Hip labral tears may occur as a result of trauma (e.g. car accidents), repetitive motions (e.g. sports injuries), structural abnormalities (e.g. hip dysplasia) and as part of the aging process (degenerative wear-and-tear). Individuals with this type of cyst may not have symptoms or may experience symptoms of groin/hip pain, a snapping sensation of the hip with movement, and/or sciatica (nerve pain in the leg that is caused by irritation or compression of the sciatic nerve). The treatment depends on the degree of symptoms and can include draining fluid from the cyst or surgical removal.
