Commonly known as a pinched nerve, radiculopathy is injury or damage to nerve roots at the level where they exit the spine. This can lead to symptoms of pain, numbness, tingling or weakness.
Subarachnoid cisterns are enlarged pockets of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) located between the two innermost brain layers (meninges). The quadrigeminal cistern is one of the subarachnoid cisterns. It is located at the posterior aspect of the midbrain and third ventricle. The quadrigeminal cistern also contains several blood vessels, nerves, and the pineal gland. Areas with high water or protein content show up “bright” (hyperintense) on certain MRI sequences. There is a hyperintense spot (lesion) of the quadrigeminal cistern. Intracranial lipomas are rare benign (non-cancerous) fat-containing lesions. They are congenital (present at birth) and account for 0.1 to 0.5% of all primary brain tumors. Quadrigeminal cistern lipomas are slow-growing lesions that makeup approximately 25% of intracranial lipomas. They are usually asymptomatic (do not cause symptoms), unless they are large enough to produce symptoms due to compression of nearby brain tissue or structures (mass effect). Symptoms, if present may include intracranial hypertension (a build-up of pressure around the brain), seizures, or hydrocephalus (a build-up of cerebrospinal fluid inside the brain).
The pituitary gland is a small gland deep within the base of the skull. It produces hormones that control many different processes, including metabolism, growth and reproduction. Sometimes during development, a cyst (fluid-filled pocket) can form in the pituitary gland (i.e. Rathke cleft cyst). Pituitary cysts are not cancerous. If the cyst grows, it can put pressure on the pituitary gland or nerves, causing symptoms such as headaches, visual impairment, and/or hormone changes.
A pulmonary or lung nodule is a “spot” seen on chest imaging. This can be caused by infection, scarring or lung cancer.
Pulmonary fibrosis is a lung disease that occurs when lung tissue becomes damaged and scarred. This thickened, stiff tissue makes it more difficult for your lungs to work properly.
Pulmonary cysts are round, thin walled sacs of tissue found within the lung. These structures usually contain air but occasionally also contain fluid or solid material. A pulmonary cyst may be present at birth or form as the lungs age. Multiple cysts can be associated with cystic lung diseases and can cause respiratory symptoms (eg. chest pain, shortness of breath, cough).
