Small amounts of free fluid in the pelvis is a normal finding in pre- and post-menopausal women without symptoms or known abdominal/pelvic disease. However, larger amounts of free fluid can be due to a pathological process including bleeding into the stomach, trauma, acute inflammation, rigorous exercise (e.g. running a marathon), and gastritis.

Lipomas are the most common type of fat-containing, benign (non-cancerous) growths and demonstrate a characteristic appearance on MRI. The cause is not fully understood, but there is a genetic factor as they typically run in families. Usually lipomas do not cause symptoms, but can become painful if large and pressing on nearby nerves.

A pelvic kidney is when one or both kidneys stay in the pelvis and do not move into their proper position during fetal development. A normal variant is an atypical finding that is seen but has no clinical significance, and is considered within the spectrum of normal findings.

Pelvic varices are caused by venous obstruction, increased pressure, and venous insufficiency, resulting in dilated (enlarged) and/or misshapen veins. They can arise in isolation, in association with leg/buttock or scrotal varices (varicocele), or as part of pelvic congestion syndrome (a condition that causes chronic pelvic pain).

Zinner syndrome is a rare congenital (from birth) condition in males in which a kidney is absent, an ejaculatory duct is obstructed and a seminal vesicle cyst is present, all on one side of the body. This syndrome can cause pelvic pain, urinary changes and infertility.

The renal pelvis is a chamber where all the urine-forming ducts meet before routing to the urinary bladder. Any portion of the renal pelvis located outside the kidney is considered the extrarenal pelvis. The extrarenal pelvis is a normal variation found in about 10% of the general population. Usually an extrarenal pelvis is asymptomatic (does not cause symptoms), but sometimes there can be complications such as frequent urinary tract infections or kidney stone formation.

Pelvic floor laxity is the weakening of the muscles of the pelvic floor, which can lead to the inability to control these muscles (pelvic floor dysfunction). Pelvic floor muscles support the organs in the pelvis, and some form a sling around the rectum and vagina.

A cystocele occurs when the ligaments and muscles that hold up the bladder stretch or weaken. You may see or feel tissue bulge through your vaginal opening or have difficulty urinating. or inserting menstrual products. Sexual intercourse may may also be painful. Treatment may include strengthening your pelvic floor muscles or surgery.

The inguinal canal is a passage in the abdominal wall near the groin. It serves as a pathway through which structures (spermatic cords in males and the round ligament of the uterus in females) can pass from the abdominal wall to the external genitalia. There is one inguinal canal in each groin. The inguinal canals are larger and more prominent in males. Fluid within the inguinal canal may be associated with inguinal hernias (when tissue, such as part of the intestine or fat, pushes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall).

Bursitis is a painful condition that affects the small, fluid-filled sacs - bursae - that cushion the bones, tendons and muscles near your joints. Bursitis occurs when bursae become inflamed. The most common locations for bursitis are in the shoulder, elbow and hip, but you can also have bursitis by your knee, heel and the base of your big toe.