Breast calcifications (hard, dense, calcium deposits within the breast) appear as white spots on imaging.
An enlarged heart (cardiomegaly) refers to a heart that is bigger than normal. This condition may be seen on imaging (e.g. MRI, CT) in individuals with an underlying condition (e.g. high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, inherited disorders, cardiomyopathy) that causes the heart muscle to become thicker or a condition that causes one of the chambers of the heart to dilate, making the heart larger.
The heart has 4 main chambers - 2 atria, one that receives blood from the body and another from the lungs, and 2 ventricles, one which pumps blood to the body and the other to the lungs. The left ventricle appears enlarged (hypertrophy). Causes of left ventricle enlargement include: “normal” athlete’s heart, high blood pressure, aortic valve stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Breast cysts are fluid-filled sacs inside the breast. They are usually noncancerous (benign). Although breast cysts can be found in women of any age, they're more common in women before menopause, typically under age 50. Breast cysts also commonly occur in postmenopausal women who take hormone therapy.
Gynecomastia is a non-cancerous enlargement of male breast gland tissue and is the most common breast condition in males. True gynecomastia should be differentiated from pseudogynecomastia (lipomastia), which refers to an increase in the amount of fat with no increase in breast gland tissue.
Pneumonia is a viral and/or bacterial infection of the lungs. Symptoms include fever, dyspnea (shortness of breath), productive cough (coughing that brings up mucus), pleuritic pain (pain in the chest when inhaling and exhaling) and hemoptysis (blood in the mucus).
