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When it comes to urological cancers, lifestyle advice can be flooded with misinformation. From “prostate-friendly” superfoods to miracle supplements that claim to shrink tumours, it’s no wonder people are confused. But what does the evidence say? In this article, we break down seven of the most common myths about nutrition, supplements, and urological cancer, so you can focus on facts, not fiction.
Key Facts at a Glance
- Prostate cancer is the most common male cancer in the UK1.
- Bladder cancer is the 11th most common cancer in the UK2.
- Lycopene, found in tomatoes, may support prostate health, but it is not a standalone cure3.
- Regular screening and imaging remain the most reliable tools for early detection.
Urological cancers, including prostate, kidney, bladder, and testicular cancer, are often surrounded by myths about nutrition and supplements, despite widespread discussion in the media and online forums.
While some studies highlight the potential benefits of diets rich in fruits, vegetables, tea, and coffee for lowering risk in certain urological cancers, and link obesity, red meat, and inflammatory foods with higher risk, the scientific evidence remains inconsistent and sometimes contradictory, especially regarding supplements and micronutrient interventions.
So, let’s take a look at the myths and what the evidence says.
Myth 1: “Superfoods can prevent prostate cancer”
Many health claims present tomatoes, broccoli, and green tea as “prostate protectors,” suggesting that these so-called superfoods can prevent prostate cancer.
While lycopene, the antioxidant in tomatoes, has some research supporting its role in lowering prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in patients with higher baseline PSA and possibly slowing cancer progression in in vitro studies, the evidence for actual cancer prevention is not conclusive4,5.
Cruciferous vegetables like broccoli may help reduce inflammation and lower the risk of aggressive prostate cancer, but studies do not show a guarantee of prevention6. Green tea and foods rich in catechins or certain phytonutrients may offer cellular protection, but the benefit appears to be modest and supportive rather than a cancer shield7.
The Takeaway: The most consistent message is to eat a balanced, plant-rich diet, because no single food or superfood can prevent prostate cancer by itself.
Myth 2: “Supplements like saw palmetto are a natural cure”
Saw palmetto and other herbal remedies are often marketed as “natural cures” to shrink the prostate and relieve urinary problems, leading many men to try supplements for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
However, clinical trials show minimal or no measurable effect from saw palmetto on prostate size, urinary symptoms, or flow compared to placebo, even at higher doses or with long-term use8. Supplements, including saw palmetto, are not regulated as rigorously as medications in the UK, meaning that their safety, quality, and effectiveness may vary.
The Takeaway: Always consult a GP before starting any supplement, especially if experiencing urinary symptoms, as evidence for herbal remedies like saw palmetto remains weak, and professional assessment ensures appropriate care.
Myth 3: “Dairy and red meat directly cause prostate cancer”
A high-dairy or red meat diet is often blamed for directly increasing prostate cancer risk. Many popular articles claim these foods are “dangerous”, suggesting a direct cause-and-effect relationship.
While some studies show a possible association between heavy intake of red meat or dairy and increased risk of prostate cancer, especially aggressive forms, these links are not definitive, and causation is not established9,10. However, some studies have found that if you are a prostate cancer survivor, eating more chicken and less steak may help you live longer11.
The Takeaway: Moderation is key: there is no strong evidence that dairy or red meat alone directly causes prostate cancer. Focus on dietary variety, fibre, and plant-based foods for overall health.
Myth 4: “You don’t need to worry about urological cancers if you’re fit”
There is a common belief that being physically fit means you don’t need to worry about urological cancers (and cancer in general).
While regular activity and maintaining a healthy weight do lower the risk for some aggressive prostate and kidney cancers, fitness alone does not guarantee protection12. Testicular cancer can affect younger, healthy men, and genetic predisposition, environmental exposure, and ageing all strongly influence the risk for urological cancers. No matter the fitness level, everyone benefits from regular check-ups and knowing early warning signs.
The Takeaway: Physical fitness supports overall health, but other factors, like genetics, age, and environment, play strong roles in cancer risk. Staying vigilant and seeking regular medical advice remain essential.
Myth 5: “Protein powders and gym diets increase your risk of testicular cancer”
Many gym-goers believe that protein powders, creatine, or high-protein diets can increase the risk of testicular cancer, leading to widespread caution about these supplements.
There are no high-quality studies supporting a link between typical protein supplementation and testicular cancer risk. A single, much-debated 2015 study found a higher risk in users of muscle-building supplements, but it lacked proper controls, grouped multiple supplements (including those with undisclosed anabolic steroids), and has not been replicated13.
The Takeaway: Focus on evidence-based guidance: maintain a balanced diet and avoid steroids. Ordinary protein supplements, in moderation and absent illicit ingredients, are not a proven risk factor for testicular cancer.
Myth 6: “You’ll know if something’s wrong”
Many urological cancers, including prostate, kidney, and bladder cancer, have no symptoms in the early stages and are often found incidentally during scans for other reasons14. Symptoms such as blood in the urine, pelvic pain, or changes in urination typically appear only after the cancer has become more advanced, which may reduce chances for successful treatment15.
Early detection through imaging techniques like MRI or CT is crucial for identifying cancers at earlier, more treatable stages. Proactive screening options like Ezra’s MRI Scan with Spine now allow for multi-organ evaluation, including the prostate, kidney, and bladder, before symptoms arise.
The Takeaway: Assuming symptoms will be obvious can lead to missed or delayed diagnoses; early, regular screening is essential to catch urological cancers when intervention is most effective.
Myth 7: “Cranberry juice and herbal teas can flush out bladder cancer”
Online wellness advice frequently promotes cranberry juice, parsley tea, or detox drinks as bladder “cleansers,” with claims that they can flush out bladder cancer or prevent recurrence.
Cranberry juice may help prevent urinary tract infections, but there is no robust clinical evidence showing it can treat or prevent bladder cancer16. Most studies showing anti-cancer effects have relied on animal models or cell lines rather than real-world patients17. Herbal teas and so-called “detox” drinks have zero proven benefit for reducing bladder cancer risk or recurrence. Some herbal supplements may even interact with medications or impair kidney function, posing potential risks.
The Takeaway: Don’t rely on drinks or herbs to “cleanse” your bladder or prevent cancer. Talk to a doctor about proper screening. Proven methods like MRI and urine cytology offer far greater accuracy for assessing bladder health than unregulated “wellness” products.
Summary
Don’t let myths cloud your judgment when it comes to urological cancer; trust facts over fads. A well-balanced diet, avoidance of unproven supplements, and consistent screening are the pillars of effective prevention and early detection. Urological cancers are often silent at first but remain highly treatable when caught early, making regular check-ups and imaging such as MRI or CT crucial.
Want to be proactive about your urological health? Ezra’s MRI Scan with Spine screens for potential cancer in up to 14 organs, including the prostate, kidney, and bladder. Non-invasive, fast, and AI-enhanced. Book your scan today.
