A pelvic kidney is when one or both kidneys stay in the pelvis and do not move into their proper position during fetal development. A normal variant is an atypical finding that is seen but has no clinical significance, and is considered within the spectrum of normal findings.
Pelvic varices are caused by venous obstruction, increased pressure, and venous insufficiency, resulting in dilated (enlarged) and/or misshapen veins. They can arise in isolation, in association with leg/buttock or scrotal varices (varicocele), or as part of pelvic congestion syndrome (a condition that causes chronic pelvic pain).
Pelvic floor laxity is the weakening of the muscles of the pelvic floor, which can lead to the inability to control these muscles (pelvic floor dysfunction). Pelvic floor muscles support the organs in the pelvis, and some form a sling around the rectum and vagina.
Pericallosal lipomas are fat-containing lesions occurring in the interhemispheric fissure (the deep groove that separates the left and right sides of the brain) closely related to the corpus callosum. It is the most common location for an intracranial lipoma. Curvilinear pericallosal lipomas are usually thin, elongated and curvilinear along the corpus callosum margin.
The pineal gland is located deep in the center of the brain, and is responsible for producing melatonin, a hormone which helps maintain our natural sleep-wake cycle. For unknown reasons, cysts (thin-walled fluid collections) can form within the pineal gland. The majority of pineal cysts stay stable in size or even shrink away. In rare cases, pineal cysts can grow over time and block the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), causing hydrocephalus (enlargement of the normal fluid cavities in the brain [ventricles]) and symptoms such as headache, nausea and vomiting, lethargy, confusion and double vision. If you develop these symptoms, it is a medical emergency requiring immediate care in a hospital.
Phthisis bulbi is a degenerative eye condition that is characterized by having severe irregular eye shrinkage and calcification (calcium buildup in the tissues of the eye that hardens over time). Common causes of phthisis bulbi include severe trauma to the eye, complications from eye surgery, inflammation, infection, and retinal detachment. Since this is a degenerative condition, symptoms such as changes in vision (e.g. blurred, cloudy vision), pain, and visual loss may worsen over time. Early treatment of the underlying cause is the best strategy to avoid and prevent complete vision loss.
